What Bone Density Scans Can't Tell You About Fracture Risk | A Masterclass on Bone Health

Bone health and fracture prevention in aging require a multifaceted approach that extends beyond simple bone mineral density (BMD) measurements. While DEXA scans provide a baseline, fracture risk is heavily influenced by bone geometry, material properties, and an individual's propensity for falls. Experts emphasize that resistance training with progressive overload is the most effective intervention for maintaining skeletal integrity and muscle mass, with moderate rep ranges (8-12) offering a sustainable balance between stimulus and injury risk. Beyond structured gym sessions, daily functional movement—such as carrying groceries, navigating uneven terrain, or engaging in recreational sports—is vital for preserving neuromuscular coordination and balance. Ultimately, building physical reserve through consistent, varied activity is the most reliable strategy for maintaining independence and reducing the likelihood of debilitating fractures later in life.