In this episode of "The Next Big Idea," Rufus Griscom interviews Stephen Witt, author of "The Thinking Machine," about the rise of NVIDIA and its CEO, Jensen Huang. The discussion covers Huang's early life challenges, NVIDIA's initial struggles as a gaming hardware company, and its pivotal shift to AI, driven by the realization that its parallel processing technology was ideal for neural networks. Witt and Griscom explore NVIDIA's dominance in the AI hardware market, the competitive landscape, and potential future ventures like robotics and synthetic biology, while also delving into Huang's leadership style, work ethic, and the company's culture of innovation and paranoia.