This episode explores the unique bone and joint health challenges faced by women, particularly after menopause. Against the backdrop of a common misconception that running causes arthritis, Dr. Jocelyn Wittstein, a Duke orthopedic surgeon, reveals that runners actually have a lower risk of arthritis than non-runners. More significantly, the discussion delves into the impact of estrogen decline on women's musculoskeletal health, highlighting increased inflammation, bone loss, and the disproportionate prevalence of conditions like frozen shoulder. For instance, Dr. Wittstein shares her personal experience with frozen shoulder and her use of transdermal estrogen, emphasizing the need for more research into hormone replacement therapy's role in mitigating these issues. As the discussion pivots to osteoporosis prevention, the importance of lifelong strength training and impact exercises is underscored, along with the potential benefits of collagen supplements and specific vitamins like D, K2, and magnesium. Finally, the conversation touches upon the perioperative risks associated with oral contraceptive use and the potential effects of GLP-1 agonists on bone density, concluding with a call for more research and a greater understanding of women's unique musculoskeletal needs throughout their lifespan.