Economist Karthik Muralidharan believes that boosting global development doesn't necessarily mean spending more money; it’s about spending smarter. He points out the untapped potential of underfunded, high-impact initiatives, particularly in education, which often get overlooked in favor of ineffective, well-funded programs. By utilizing data, evidence-based research, and adaptive technologies, governments can enhance outcomes in education and other sectors, making a much bigger difference with the resources they already have. However, achieving this requires breaking through bureaucratic resistance and focusing on effective solutions instead of sticking to traditional methods.