This podcast episode explores the transformative impact of machine learning and AI in the realm of infectious disease management, emphasizing the distinction between traditional statistical models and modern machine learning techniques. The speaker, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, delves into the practical applications of large language models for antibiotic prescription, highlighting the crucial balance between leveraging AI for improved healthcare efficiency and maintaining ethical considerations such as data privacy and explainability. Ultimately, the episode presents a vision where AI support complements clinical expertise, fostering better decision-making while ensuring that the clinician's role remains central in patient care.