This podcast episode explores the autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis (MS), which affects the brain and spinal cord. MS is characterized by the body's immune system mistakenly attacking the protective covering of the nerves in the central nervous system, leading to damage and inflammation. The episode discusses the nature of MS as an autoimmune disease, the different forms of MS, the evolution of MS treatments, the search for repair strategies, the link between MS and the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and the challenges and potential of developing a vaccine for EBV.