What if aging isn't just something that happens to us—but a biological process we can actually influence?

For decades, medicine has focused on treating diseases after they develop. But a growing field called geroscience is asking a much bigger question: What if we could target the underlying biology of aging itself, potentially delaying multiple age-related diseases before they begin?

In this episode, I'm joined by Dr. David Barzilai, MD, PhD, MBA, longevity medicine physician, Harvard Medical School lecturer, and medical editor of Harvard's Pathways to Longevity special report, to explore the science of biological aging and what it could mean for the future of human health.

We break down the 12 hallmarks of aging, why your biological age may be different from your chronological age, and how researchers are developing new ways to measure and potentially influence how quickly we age.

From epigenetic age testing and telomeres to senescent cells, autophagy, rapamycin, and cellular reprogramming, we separate promising longevity science from the hype.

In this episode, you'll learn:

What the 12 hallmarks of aging reveal about why our bodies get older
The difference between biological age and chronological age—and whether aging can be slowed
How accurate biological age tests and epigenetic clocks really are
Why VO2 max, muscle strength, sleep, and metabolic health are powerful indicators of longevity
What telomeres reveal about cellular aging and why longer isn't always better
How senescent "zombie cells" contribute to age-related inflammation
What fasting, calorie restriction, and autophagy actually do inside your cells
What the research says about rapamycin, senolytics, and emerging longevity treatments
How cellular reprogramming and Yamanaka factors could change the future of regenerative medicine

We also discuss personalized longevity testing, the limitations of today's aging biomarkers, and emerging research exploring whether scientists could one day restore more youthful function to aging cells and tissues.

The most important takeaway? You don't have to wait for the next breakthrough to start improving how you age. Exercise, cardiovascular fitness, strength training, sleep, nutrition, and understanding your personal health risks remain some of the most powerful tools we have today.

The future of longevity medicine is incredibly exciting. But the real opportunity is combining what we already know works with the science that's still to come.

Learn more about Dr. Shah:

Website:drshah.com

Clinic: next-health.com

Instagram: @darshanshahmd and @extend_podcast

Learn more about Dr. David Barzilai:

Website: barzilaiconsulting.com
LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/agingdoc
X (formerly Twitter): x.com/agingdoc1
Instagram: instagram.com/agingdoc1

Harvard Medical School's first Special Report on longevity, Pathways to Longevity, where I served as Medical Editor:
https://www.linkedin.com/posts/agingdoc_harvard-medical-school-has-just-published-ugcPost-7465326141025775616-GOnh

For further reading on longevity science and its clinical application, I'm Co-Editor of Frontiers of Longevity Science, forthcoming from Springer Nature:
https://www.barzilaiconsulting.com/fols

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209. Dr. David Barzilai: Can We Reverse Aging? Harvard's Latest Longevity Science Explained

Extend Podcast with Darshan Shah, MD

209. Dr. David Barzilai: Can We Reverse Aging? Harvard's Latest Longevity Science Explained