Can the Space Economy Grow Sustainably?

Orbital sustainability has evolved into a critical strategic and economic imperative as the space industry faces unprecedented congestion. With approximately 43,000 satellites projected for launch by 2034, the resulting collision risks threaten a $600 billion market. NovaSpace experts Kat Hickey and Federico Trovarelli emphasize that current manual traffic management methods are reaching their limits, necessitating a shift toward AI-driven automation and standardized, interoperable satellite designs. Beyond debris mitigation, the industry must prioritize "service-ready" architecture, enabling in-orbit refueling and life extension to protect long-term asset value. As regulatory frameworks like the EU Space Act emerge, operators must move beyond mere compliance, viewing sustainable practices as essential for maintaining market access and operational resilience in an increasingly crowded orbital environment.