Bronchiolitis

Bronchiolitis management relies on clinical diagnosis rather than routine viral testing or chest X-rays, which often lead to unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions. Supportive care, specifically consistent nasopharyngeal suctioning and maintaining adequate hydration, remains the primary treatment strategy. Evidence does not support the routine use of albuterol, corticosteroids, epinephrine, or macrolide antibiotics, as these interventions fail to improve outcomes or reduce hospital stays. Pulse oximetry frequently contributes to over-admission; clinicians should prioritize a child's clinical appearance over transient desaturations during sleep. While high-flow nasal cannula may offer temporary symptom relief for respiratory distress, it does not alter the underlying pathophysiology or prevent intubation in high-risk infants. Effective management centers on educating parents to monitor respiratory status and perform proper suctioning to facilitate feeding and breathing at home.