Most automakers are racing to master the most critical component of autonomous driving: the semiconductor.

Augustin Friedel, Associated Partner at MHP and an expert in software-defined vehicles, advanced driver assistance systems, and AI-enabled mobility, exposes how industry giants like Tesla, Rivian, and Chinese OEMs are not just buying chips—they’re designing their own to unlock better performance, lower costs, and greater control.

But what does it really take to build a competitive chip program? And why are industry-wide collaboration and strategic control points the future of automotive silicon? In this episode, Augustin breaks down the complex landscape of chips powering tomorrow's vehicles.

You'll discover why high-performance systems on a chip (SoCs) are vital to processing the massive amounts of sensor data—LiDAR, radar, cameras—that autonomous vehicles rely on for real-time decision-making.

We delve into the competitive dynamics among global chip providers—Nvidia, Mobileye, Qualcomm—and how regional geopolitics shape the supply chain. Augustin reveals why automakers are increasingly pushing toward in-house chip development, with companies like Xpeng and Rivian seeking to reduce dependency on Western suppliers, while others form joint ventures to share the hefty R&D costs.

Why does chip scarcity shape strategic decisions? Augustin discusses the wake-up call from the recent semiconductor shortages and what it means for securing supply chains in an uncertain geopolitical climate. Plus, he explores the evolving role of Tier 1 suppliers, the ecosystem lock-ins created by software layers, and the choice OEMs face between vertical integration and modular solutions.

Get ready to understand the race for automotive silicon leadership—because in autonomous driving, chips aren’t just components, they’re the foundation of the future.

Timestamps

00:00 - Introduction to the role of chips in autonomous driving
00:17 - Why OEMs are driving in-house semiconductor programs
01:53 - What is a System on a Chip (SoC) and why is it critical?
03:08 - The importance of high-performance chips for self-driving cars
04:00 - Criteria for choosing autonomous driving chips: performance, energy efficiency, thermal management
07:12 - Major players in autonomous driving computing platforms besides Nvidia
08:20 - Regional differences in chip providers: Nvidia, Mobileye, Chinese local players
09:23 - Distinguishing between SAE Level 2+, Level 3, and Level 4 chips
10:31 - Cost considerations and chip price ranges for autonomous vehicles
11:44 - Why OEMs are developing in-house chips (Tesla, Rivian, Xiaopeng)
13:16 - The role of scale and volume in chip design investments
15:22 - Vertical diversification: robotics and other verticals feeding into chip strategy
16:27 - Competitive landscape: Will Nvidia and Mobileye maintain dominance?
18:17 - Software ecosystems and integration lock-in effects in chip selection
20:38 - OEMs' differentiation strategies: performance, cost, supply security
22:43 - Market penetration of high-performance chips in current global vehicle fleets
24:16 - Regional differences: China’s lower-speed focus and localized chip strategies
25:27 - The geopolitical aspects of in-house chip development in China
33:33 - Ecosystem of semiconductor design: TSMC, foundries, and supply chain dependencies
36:41 - Can OEMs produce chips entirely in-house? The necessity of foundries like TSMC
37:45 - Why smaller node sizes (4nm vs 6nm) matter for performance and energy efficiency
39:24 - The challenge of selecting the "best" chip for Level 4 autonomous vehicles
41:18 - Strategic questions for OEMs: build, partner, or buy?
44:54 - Final thoughts: navigating the complex semiconductor landscape for sustainable growth

Autonomous Driving Chips: Tesla, Xpeng, Rivian and the In-House Revolution

Autonomy Insiders

Autonomous Driving Chips: Tesla, Xpeng, Rivian and the In-House Revolution