Every time a winter storm hits, Texans run through a mental checklist: gather more blankets, drip the pipes, and hope the grid holds up. Kurt Heim, Vice President of Environmental Advancement at Daikin Comfort Technologies North America Inc., understands why that anxiety stuck after 2021’s devastating Winter Storm Uri.

But this reliability and affordability problem has a surprisingly accessible solution.

In this episode, Kurt and host Matt Boms zero in on a big part of winter peak demand that doesn’t get enough attention: electric resistance heating, especially in older houses and apartments. These systems use excessive amounts of electricity to heat homes in one of the least efficient ways possible.

It’s an easy issue to miss … until you run the math for millions of housing units.

As Matt notes, if Texas has to serve roughly 12 gigawatts of resistance heating load during extreme cold temperatures, that represents real low-hanging fruit. Addressing it would fortify the grid in a way that helps Texans who struggle to afford their power bills:

“What it would do is pay some really good dividends around affordability.”

Kurt also talks about “flattening the peaks” so Texas gets more value out of infrastructure that Texans already paid for, instead of constantly adding fixed costs that show up in rates.

That framing lands even harder in light of ERCOT’s booming load forecasts: if Texas is serious about serving this growth, we should be just as serious about reducing waste, especially during the most extreme weather.

Policy levers that are already moving

Diving into the weeds, Kurt discusses updates to the technical reference manual that sets industry calculations for energy efficiency. The updates will make it easier for new construction and multifamily development to have more efficient systems.

New construction is only part of the story—improving existing structures will take more work. But as this episode makes clear, such investments will pay off in greater reliability and affordability.

Final Thoughts

Texas can chase growth and reliability at the same time. But we can’t afford to do so with outdated systems that exacerbate grid weaknesses and punish the people least able to absorb their bills.

The grid has a waste problem. Texas needs to deal with it. The best place to start is with a readily accessible solution that addresses a clear problem, lowers bills, frees up capacity when Texas needs it the most, and allows the grid to keep growing.

If this sparked a question for you, drop it in the comments. And if you know someone who still thinks winter reliability is only about power plants, send them this episode.

Timeline:

* 00:00 – Winter peaks, why it matters

* 01:20 – Kurt Heim, background

* 02:59 – Winter anxiety, resilience mindset

* 05:08 – The resistance heating problem

* 07:08 – How big these loads get

* 09:21 – Heat pumps, how they work

* 13:11 – Climate tech, variable speed

* 15:10 – Efficiency math, 1x vs 2–4x

* 16:50 – Economics, bills and adoption

* 18:57 – ACEEE study, scale of savings

* 26:58 – What blocks heat pump adoption

* 29:05 – Codes, standards, and design basis

* 35:30 – Incentives and contractor training

* 37:53 – Political will, signs of progress

Resources:

Guest & Company

* Kurt Heim - LinkedIn

* Daikin Comfort - LinkedIn

* Matt Boms - LinkedIn

* Texas Advanced Energy Business Alliance - LinkedIn

Books & Articles Discussed

* Transforming Texas: How Heat Pumps Can Replace Electric Resistance Heat, Reducing Costs and Winter Power Peaks

* Quantifying the impact of residential space heating electrification on the Texas electric grid

* Our Homes Aren’t Ready for Extreme Cold and Power Outages

Related Posts by Texas Energy and Power

* Texas Got Tested, Grid Stayed Upright

* 2022 Cold Snap Shows Resistance is Futile

* ERCOT calculates a 1:7 chance of outages in December; could be worse in January and February

* ERCOT Still Doesn’t Understand Winter Demand

* NRG’s Gigawatt VPP in Texas with Travis Kavulla

External References and Tools

* Energy Efficiency at the PUCT

* Texas Climate Zones by County

* State Energy Conservation Office Programs

Transcript

Matt Boms (00:05.004)

Why does Texas continue to see winter peak demand spike so sharply during cold weather, even years after winter storm Uri put winter reliability front and center? Welcome back to the Energy Capital podcast. I’m Matt Bombs. And today we have a really special guest and someone I’ve been excited to talk with for a very long time. Joining me is Kurt Heim. Kurt is vice president of environmental advancement.

Matt Boms (00:32.662)

and Texas Government Affairs at Deichen Comfort Technologies, one of the world’s largest manufacturers of high efficiency heating and cooling systems. Kurt has spent more than two decades in the HVAC industry, including leading the development of Deichen’s massive manufacturing facility in Waller, Texas, one of the largest HVAC plants in the world. He works at the intersection of technology, manufacturing, policy, and grid reliability.

Matt Boms (01:02.102)

And he is exactly the right person to help us talk about how heat pumps can lower bills, strengthen the Texas grid and help us stop panicking every time winter shows up. So Kurt, you’re the star today. Welcome to the show and thanks so much for your time.

Kurt Heim (01:20.108)

Matt, thank you very much for having me. I’m a long time listener of the podcast and I’m really excited about the direction that you’re going in. I’m just really pleased to be here and get a chance to talk about ePumps.

Matt Boms (01:32.91)

Thanks so much, I appreciate that. So I want to kick us off. We’re coming off of this winter storm Fern and it feels like this anxiety cycle that we go through in Texas. You can trace this all the way back to Yuri and understandably Texans get nervous when they hear a winter storm is coming. We had a few since then, we had winter storm Heather that hit, now we have Fern. And I think just to tee this up, why do we still feel like the grid is on knife’s edge?

Matt Boms (02:02.41)

every time it gets cold in Texas.

Kurt Heim (02:05.036)

Yeah, that’s a good place to start. I am probably going to say that really Yuri was a shared experience in a searing event that touched a lot of people. I don’t know anybody that didn’t have some level of disruption in their life. Mild forms of it would have been that you lost your power for a few days, but you know, a lot of people had severe issues. My neighbor was one of them that lost power, but then had pipes burst in his

Kurt Heim (02:34.026)

ceiling in his attic. And so he had a major, you know, rehabilitation of his, of his house. So those things really make an impression in your mind when we watched it happen in front of us. And there were a lot of scary things that were talked about at the time. Like would we lose the grid? Would it lose functionality? And that was something that I think sticks in our mind going forward. So I think that’s why we still have some anxiety around it.

Kurt Heim (02:59.434)

I think for me, I try to use the anxiety to my benefit. Like, Hey, let’s prepare for it. Let’s get things in line to do it so that you can personally be more resilient. But I think that’s where it comes from, Matt. We just all had that very, very visceral experience with Yuri.

Matt Boms (03:14.87)

Yeah, it’s definitely a shared experience. And I know that the media pays a lot of attention now when a winter storm comes. And the question that I get asked the most is, you know, will the grid survive this winter storm? And luckily we did make it through the last one, right? But I want to really pick your brain on what the root of the problem is here, right? Does Texas have a winter grid problem and what can we do to solve it?

Kurt Heim (03:43.148)

Yeah, I think you’re putting a fine point on it. You know, we’ll talk a little bit about technology and heating technology specifically as one of the, I guess you could call it vulnerabilities that we have. But you know, what these events really teach us is that we can put a button on some of the things that we need to change and do. And so, you know, out of URI, there was a lot of attention paid to weatherization. And I think that the

Kurt Heim (04:11.106)

The legislature has done a lot of good work and then the PUC and ERCOT have done a lot with that too. We may have that largely behind us, but then we’re also exposing these other rocks. And one of them is around heating technology. We’ll talk a lot today about electric resistance heating. And that is a form of heating that is extremely wasteful. It’s an old technology that we still have on our grid, but we have it its scale.

Kurt Heim (04:38.986)

And so that’s the concern really that we’re driving forward and one that we really need to keep in front of us. And one that we can solve as, you know, if we’re talking about the energy discussions, one of the nice things about where we are today is that it’s more of an all of the above discussion. And I truly sense that when I’m talking to people about it. so finding places to understand where we have opportunities, where we have levers, where we have things that we can change.

Kurt Heim (05:08.546)

that are not terribly expensive, but they need to be addressed is really where we are. so I think winter grid problem, I think we have an electric resistance heating issue that we need to solve. And that’s one that we’ll probably talk about some of the stats in this discussion, but it’s not insignificant. And I think that it fits a lot with where Texas wants to go. We probably want to use that power that we could save by changing heating technology.

Kurt Heim (05:34.882)

to do other more value added things that will help the state prosper. that’s really what I think we have is a heating problem, heating technology problem.

Matt Boms (05:43.862)

Yeah, well said and help us understand what that means, Kurt. So when you say resistance heating for someone listening to this podcast and maybe they’re in a house or an apartment and they have resistance heating, what does that look like? And how could that person look at alternatives, right? Like walk us through why so much construction in Texas is already built with resistance heating versus more advanced technologies.

Kurt Heim (06:14.076)

yeah, this is a good place to start. So an electric resistance heater is basically what you see in your toaster. What you do is you run electric current through resistive wires and those wires heat up and they glow. And so then if you push air across that, now you’re heating with electric resistance heating. And they’re called a lot of different things like electric furnaces, for example.

Kurt Heim (06:38.7)

But what it is is it’s one unit of electricity produces one unit of heat, heating energy. And so it requires a lot of electricity to generate a lot of heat so that you can heat a dwelling. A couple examples of where that is. If you’re in a single family home and that home was about, let’s say, 2,000 square feet, you might have 10,000 watts of electric resistance heating if that’s how you’re heating it.

Kurt Heim (07:08.334)

10kW. If you’re in an apartment, like a one bedroom apartment in Houston, Texas, you might have five. So that’s a lot of energy that you’re using. Now you’re not heating. We don’t have the most severe winters, but really that starts to kick in around, you know, where your set point is. So if you keep your thermostat at about 68 degrees, you’re going to start seeing that electric resistance heater come on.

Kurt Heim (07:36.052)

at that point. Now it operates a little bit different than other technologies, but that is the most basic heating technology I think that’s out there other than, you know, like a gas furnace. And I think one of the reasons why we see it quite a bit is if you look at multifamily, a lot of multifamily is all electric. So in all electric areas, you really don’t have a lot of options for other fuels. So that’s why you see there, but at its core, it’s a hot wire that you blow air across.

Matt Boms (08:04.448)

Yeah, that’s really well said and I want to hear more about heat pumps from you because you’re such an expert on this. And I think there’s a myth out there that heat pumps don’t work in the cold. So can you take us through this and just explain in simple terms what a heat pump does and why it’s so much more efficient than resistance heating?

Kurt Heim (08:26.21)

Yeah, completely. think you’re right. I think there’s some misperceptions out there and it may stem from really what a modern heat pump is to maybe what a heat pump might’ve been and how it works. And really and truly most of the time you’re not going to know the difference between an air conditioner and a heat pump because the technology is held in the outdoor unit. And so what it is at its core is an air conditioner that can run backwards and it doesn’t create heat, it moves heat. So even

Kurt Heim (08:56.136)

zero degrees Fahrenheit or freezing, there’s a lot of heat in the atmosphere. And when the refrigerant cycle runs backwards, it collects that heat from outside and it moves it inside. So the parts of your air conditioner in the summer that get cold that you blow air across get warm and you blow that warm air around your dwelling and you get heat from it. So

Kurt Heim (09:21.292)

Because it doesn’t have to create the heat, it moves the heat and it uses the refrigerant cycle to do that. It can do it up to four times more efficient than the electric resistance heat. So think about it that way. It’s an air conditioner with a few different technology differences that allow it to run backwards and then collect that heat, which we know the sun’s renewing that heat all the time, but even at those low temperatures, there is...

Kurt Heim (09:47.65)

heat there to gather and move into your house to provide that more efficient heating.

Matt Boms (09:53.922)

Yeah, that’s really helpful, Kurt. And you mentioned the history and I think it actually is worth diving in a little bit and unpacking that because that’s the great thing about a podcast is we have time to talk and the long form conversation I think lends into getting into the weeds a little bit on this. So help me unpack how far heat pumps have come over the past few decades here. And maybe that’s where some of the misperceptions are.

Matt Boms (10:21.782)

as far as how efficient or how effective heat pumps can be in cold weather.

Kurt Heim (10:26.594)

Yeah, I think using kind of Houston or most of our state is in two different climate zones, climate zone two and three. So you think of it this way, Houston’s in two, Dallas is in three. So you get that kind of differential and that’s where most of the population is kind of, you know, above I-20, around I-20, between I-20 and I-10 and then south of I-10. But in those particular climates.

Kurt Heim (10:53.63)

We don’t have severe winters, right? We’ll have an occasional winter storm. But one of the areas that heat pumps have improved over the years is in their capacity, their ability to deliver and gather more heat and move more heat at lower ambient temperatures. And so one of the things that I think contributed to some hesitation about using heat pumps in the past is that that capacity would, start to run out of capacity at higher ambient temperatures.

Kurt Heim (11:21.868)

So if your heat pump wasn’t working well around 30 degrees and you need to design for 30 degrees, then you’ve got to look at some other technologies. But as things have evolved, compression technology, refrigerants, and things of that nature have improved, it’s improved the efficiency and capacity of that. And so now you see them operate very well in our climate zone. I think part of what we, I think, want to...

Kurt Heim (11:49.134)

talk about as well is the future. So one of the things that Dyken has as a core technology is variable speed. So a lot of what we’ll talk about in basic heat pumps is a single speed technology, which is really like your air conditioner turns on, it turns off. But variable speed will actually modulate or adjust with the need of heating and cooling that is required.

Kurt Heim (12:14.754)

what’s exciting about where the technology is going, it’s starting to move more into variable speed. And variable speed actually offers even more heat delivery at lower temperatures. So even, you know, as low as negative five, you’re going to have some variable speed heat pumps that are going to perform very well. For reference, you know, that negative five is probably mostly out of the design standards for, you know, Texas. Maybe you might get into some of that.

Kurt Heim (12:42.198)

in the pan handle, some of those variable speed will require no heating backup at all. So a lot of heat pumps will have a backup electric heater. Kind of the one that we talked about before will work the same way that if you are starting to get into a temperature where the capacity is going down, you’re not left without heat. It’s going to work in conjunction with that heater to deliver. But the promise that we really see a variable speed is being able to go to a lot lower ambient temperature.

Kurt Heim (13:11.978)

with very little, if any requirement for electric resistance heating. And another exciting thing just to kind of put out there for variable speed. I know you guys have done a lot of work on, you know, what needs to be on the grid. How can we actually create value with our consumption, so to speak? Variable speed offers a lot of promise for being responsive to grid conditions and

Kurt Heim (13:38.702)

because of the efficiency that it delivers. But the fact that, you know, if you needed to do a demand response in today’s world, you got to turn your system off, basically, you know, either move your set point to where it’s off or physically turn the system off. Variable speed could just go down to like, well, we’re operating at 80 % speed, we’ll go to 75 % or we’ll go to 65 % speed and really still have a lot of comfort.

Kurt Heim (14:03.97)

I say comfort. If some people really need, it’s a health issue. They need to have a pretty moderate climate in their home. They need a certain amount of heat, a certain amount of cool, but you may be able to achieve that with variable speed and not really have to turn anything off. So that’s really kind of going from, you know, the past where the capacities weren’t as good as they are now, improvements in refrigerant compression technology and heat exchange, bringing it to the future. Now variable speed is factoring into it and

Kurt Heim (14:32.554)

even getting to a place where backup heating isn’t really required in a lot of climates with those variable speed systems.

Matt Boms (14:41.184)

Yeah, that’s a game changer. And it sounds like what I take away from that is Texas is uniquely suited for heat pumps, right? Like I think some people think of heat pumps as, you know, a great solution in a place like New England or the Midwest. But what I’m hearing from you is actually we’re uniquely positioned in Texas to benefit from heat pumps because of the climate that we have down here. And I think what I wanted to know, Kurt, also is when you were talking about resistance heating, said, you talked about that one to one.

Matt Boms (15:10.956)

Right, one unit of electricity yields one unit of heat. What does that look like on the heat pump side?

Kurt Heim (15:17.654)

It’s more like two to four times. So that’s where the efficiency is gained really, and not having to create, not having to use the energy to create the heat, but actually just use it to move around. So it can have what’s called the coefficient of performance. electric resistance heat has a one on your scale and heat pumps are going to be anywhere up to four. So that’s where you’re really driving a lot of efficiency. Let’s put that in perspective.

Kurt Heim (15:46.976)

And I’ll use for a point of reference, a project that we did in Houston’s fifth ward in an apartment complex where we took about 25 % of the HVAC systems that were electric resistance heat, and we converted them to heat pumps and nothing else was done to the dwelling. No added insulation, no windows and door ceilings. Nothing of that, just technology A and replace it with technology B.

Kurt Heim (16:13.07)

In those particular instances, we’ve seen about a 50 % reduction in the demand for energy in order to heat those dwellings. So those went in, in December of 2024. So we caught a really cold February in 2025. And now we’ll catch the data from this past winter storm as we’re kind of sitting here recording it. We’re on the last day, I guess, of the winter storm that we had in January of 2026. So we’ll catch.

Kurt Heim (16:41.794)

some of that data and it’ll be interesting to see, but yeah, those are delivering about 50 % reduction in demand.

Matt Boms (16:50.146)

That’s so wild because your baseline is cutting energy costs in half basically for folks who have heat pumps installed. And I want to jump into that and talk about the economics because Texans are very savvy when it comes to energy use, right? And we’ll jump into that in just a second. But I didn’t want to skip over the grid level conversation and how much of a difference this could make during a winter storm event, right? Because we have a winter problem in Texas.

Matt Boms (17:18.68)

There was a Texas A study that came out last year that talked about resistance heating over 2.7 million homes in Texas and still use electric resistance heat. They can each pull about nine kilowatts of, you know, during a cold snap like we saw last weekend. And if you add that all up, that’s 12 gigawatts of winter demand equivalent to 40 large power plants, right? So are we essentially looking at

Matt Boms (17:47.99)

millions of homes turning into giant space heaters at the same time. Is that really what we’re doing in Texas, the way that we built our homes and apartment buildings?

Kurt Heim (17:58.274)

Sometimes I look at it that way. Sometimes I’ll drive around and I’ll see a new apartment complex going up. And I think about each one of those with the five KW heater or maybe a bigger apartment with an eight KW heater in it. And we know that that’s happening. We’ve done our own research in the market. And we know that about 85 % of the apartments that you see, if we just talk about multifamily as a big cohort.

Kurt Heim (18:28.064)

About 85 % of those are going in with electric resistance heaters. So, and they’re going in at scale. And when you think about that, the life of that equipment could be 15 years. So you’re 15 years away from an end of life technology change where you have the opportunity to make a different decision, not necessarily that you are going to, but you’re about 15 years away from that. And so the Texas A study.

Kurt Heim (18:57.094)

And the ACEEE study really put a bright light on the potential that we have in changing out that technology and what that could go towards. You you hit it on, on the head about almost 3 million homes. think a big percentage of those are apartments. And I think a big percentage of those are all electric apartments, but that’s a big number, 9 KW per using that to heat. You know, that starts to.

Kurt Heim (19:26.786)

help you reason around why we had a winter peak that was over 80 gigawatts. You know, that’s like an August number, right? And so you start to see that at scale and it is something that really needs to be addressed and thought through. You know, we’ll probably talk about it. There are some levers to get there, but really that you framed up the problem right there. There’s a lot of waste there, but I think in our state, one of the good things about it is that

Kurt Heim (19:56.556)

You know, you could reframe where that energy could go and that energy could go to adding industry and jobs and prosperity, but we’ve got to draw big distinctions in how we go after it and really divvy up the problem and find these little pockets and areas of opportunity and go after them.

Matt Boms (20:14.758)

Absolutely. And now that Texas is ushering in this new age of data centers and AI and we’ve seen some load forecasting over at ERCOT that sees us doubling our peak demand in the next five or six years, right? So considering those numbers, you’ve got 12 gigawatts on the table right now in the form of resistance heating, right? So you would think that

Matt Boms (20:42.988)

The easiest and quickest solution would be picking that low-hanging fruit and saying, that’s something we could take care of tomorrow. That’s just an easy solution that’s sitting on the table. And it could at least, at a very minimum, avoid the anxiety that we all go through every winter time when there’s a storm and we’re sitting around wondering if the grid will survive.

Kurt Heim (21:05.6)

I think going after it makes a lot of sense. What it would do is pay some really good dividends around affordability. So if we, if we need to add that capacity, like you’re talking about, what we’re really talking about is increasing the fixed cost of our energy bill, right? There’s a lot that needs to go into that. Now there will be users of all that load, but if we can find ways to more fully use the capacity that we have.

Kurt Heim (21:33.878)

We can hold down the costs and the costs are going to be very important. There’s a lot of good research by TEPRI that really gets into how energy vulnerable people are and the things that they go through with their own curtailment and discomfort. You know, in the summer, they’re too hot. In the winter, they’re too cold and they’re trying to save. And really we can find these areas and eliminate this waste and help hold those costs down. We are going to grow and that’s going to happen, but I think.

Kurt Heim (22:02.772)

One of the things that sticks in my mind is at the Texas Energy Summit, Doug Lewin gave kind of a really nice Ted talk kind of thought discussion. And he talked about utilization of the existing infrastructure that we have and higher percentages of utilization are really what we need to strive for. We need to flatten the peaks so that we can get more utilization. Cause there we’re using the assets that we already have.

Kurt Heim (22:28.908)

And so that actually can start to make an argument that it could lower costs over time. So really that’s got to be part of the focus is getting to that.

Matt Boms (22:37.294)

Absolutely. Yeah. And let’s get into the economics here, Kurt, and you mentioned the AACEE study and we’ll share the study in the notes. Can you walk us through the economics here at, you know, just the household level? And there’s, think, common misperception that heat pumps are so expensive that they don’t make economic sense, right? So help us understand the real economics here.

Matt Boms (23:04.012)

What’s the return on investment, right? How long will it take me to recover those upfront costs?

Kurt Heim (23:09.762)

Yeah, really when we think about this, let’s go back to the kind of the original discussion that we had where, you know, what is a basic single speed heat pump look like? It looks like your air conditioner outside. So that’s kind of the starting point. And what does it have that’s different than that air conditioner outside? It’s got, you know, a few modifications to it. It’s got something called a reversing valve, and then it’s got a little bit of a different control board.

Kurt Heim (23:34.988)

When you’re talking about the added costs of that, you’re talking about a few hundred dollars between, you know, the sunk cost of buying a basic air conditioner and then the amount of additional spend and costs that you have to buy a basic heat pump. So a few hundred dollars in that. In that ACEE study, it looked at couple different ways that you would get into a heat pump. There’s a little bit more expense for retrofitting. So let’s say.

Kurt Heim (24:04.878)

$700, $800 or less on average is what they found. I think those are probably pretty good figures, but the savings could be substantial and it could be as high as, you know, close to $400 a year. So you’re looking at one to two year paybacks for the rate payer on that. They also looked at new construction. New construction is the cheapest way to put in a heat pump. You’ve got a lot of things at your advantage in that, in the procurement.

Kurt Heim (24:32.142)

because you’re buying at scale probably, you know, if you’re, if you’re a builder and you’re putting in a neighborhood, you’re not buying one system, you’re buying, you know, dozens, if not hundreds of systems. So there’s some benefit there and then lower cost if it’s designed in as a basis of design. And so, you know, we took that seven, $800 retrofit example, ACEE thought that that would come down by about half. So what would that give you?

Kurt Heim (24:59.126)

That would give you like a one year payback, right? On that for the people that go in that direction and the people that use a heat pump. So those are the economics. I think if you start to roll that into annual, if we started today and we started working through getting more and more systems retrofitted and then in construction, if we started, you know, having a higher percentage of them go in with heat pumps, that would have been electric resistance furnaces.

Kurt Heim (25:26.668)

then you could start to see in the billion dollar range per year after a few years in bill savings. And so there’s, you know, some calculations on that. What are the costs going to be per kilowatt hour? But right now we’re expecting those to probably go up 30 % over the next, you know, period of time before 2030. And I don’t think that’s a crazy thing to think about. So those improvements and paybacks are even going to go up.

Kurt Heim (25:52.578)

So in the example that we’re giving, it’s really, you you’re the homeowner. This is something that you should really take a hard look at. You’re the rate payer as well. So you’re making the decision in that. But also we talk about the multifamily piece of it. That’s where there’s some need for some economic alignment around incentives because the landlord or the builder or the developer has one set of incentives that are different from the rate payer. The rate payer doesn’t get to participate in the choice.

Kurt Heim (26:22.106)

of the heating technology so they can be the recipient of a higher bill due to that technology.

Matt Boms (26:29.292)

Yeah, you teed up my next question perfectly because in listening to you, it’s such a no brainer, right? Like, why wouldn’t you do this? If you’re saying that for new construction, essentially you’re getting a hundred percent ROI, right? On that initial investment of the heat pump. And then for retrofits, you’re making your money back in the initial one or two years. So the fundamental question in my mind is, well, why haven’t we fixed this already? Like.

Matt Boms (26:58.434)

What are the main obstacles here? Because it just sounds like a no brainer, Kurt. It sounds like we should all have heat pumps up and running in our homes and businesses. Yeah.

Kurt Heim (27:08.406)

Yeah, know, this is a question that vexes me quite a bit. Why can’t we get there? I think we’ve got a lot of tools to help us get there. Sometimes it’s a little frustrating because those tools are, you know, like incentives and rebates, et cetera, will pay for the switch back, you know, switch from electric to heat pump. But what is making you make the right decision out of the gate, right? How do we get there?

Kurt Heim (27:38.516)

And so really, I think it comes down to education because if somebody’s designing, we’ll use the apartment as an example. They’re designing an apartment. There’s a basis of design. If that basis of design is the code minimum, which is really what probably it is or heavily influences it, then you’re going to get the cheapest alternative, the least expensive capital outlay to get there. And that’s going to be an electric resistance heat, you know, an electric furnace.

Kurt Heim (28:08.52)

And why is that okay? Because you’re not the rate payer, right? You’re putting capital into the system, but you’re not actually paying the operating costs of it. So I think basis of design is something that we have to really look at, which goes back to the energy codes. And so really happy that the state is, you know, through a process in the midst of a process of updating those to a 2024 standard. But when you peel back the onion on that 2024 standard, it doesn’t deal with electric resistance heating.

Kurt Heim (28:37.976)

the way it needs to. It has a lot of restrictions on electric resistance heating for climate zones for and above. But remember earlier in the podcast, we talked about most of our state’s population is in climate zone two and three, and it doesn’t address climate zone two and three. That’s something that we’re hoping that the State Energy Conservation Office and Texas A who’s doing the evaluation will take a very hard look at. Because if they can

Kurt Heim (29:05.366)

understand how to make that code work better for the population in the state, then we’re going to get a basis of design that is going to be more restrictive of heat pumps. And then we’ll start to see the market change on that. But you asked a very good question. And I think for me today, as I sit here, we studied this problem quite a bit. It’s really comes down to a lot of a basis of design.

Matt Boms (29:29.27)

Yeah, it sounds like a combination of inertia, maybe lack of awareness and just business as usual, right? We’ve always built this way and this is how we’ll continue to build instead of looking at more advanced technology that really could save hundreds if not thousands of dollars for folks that are actually living in these homes, right? It’s a huge opportunity. mean, this is every time we have these winter storms in Texas,

Matt Boms (29:56.054)

It’s heartbreaking when you see the bills that folks have to pay because they just have old resistance heating and their homes can’t keep up with these temperatures that dip into the teens. if God forbid we end up in single-pitch temperatures, that could be a grid crisis, right? Just because of resistance heating.

Kurt Heim (30:12.844)

Yeah, you really put a good visual on it. I would say one other thing contributes to it in business as usual, I think is good, but we’re almost a victim of our own success. the rates, the kilowatt hour rate in the state is low relative to a lot of other parts of the country. That’s why we’re seeing a lot of load growth come to the state and the potential is even more.

Kurt Heim (30:38.038)

So there’s a lot that this state has exactly right, which attracts it to it. We just have a few of these tweaks that we need to go after in order to really shore things up. But, you know, I would add to that just kind of a victim of our own success.

Matt Boms (30:54.338)

Yeah, absolutely. And for someone who’s living in a multifamily apartment building, that person might not feel like energy is affordable because of how much energy they’re forced to consume, right? Because they’ve got resistance heating and the kilowatt hour might not be expensive, but if you add up all the kilowatt hours, it certainly is a lot of money that they’re paying at the end of the month.

Kurt Heim (31:18.946)

Yeah, you could, you you kind of set this up in a nice way to think about it from a cost perspective. The human part of it is really hard. People are dealing with a lot, but you could see somebody with a winter storm bill. Like if we had an extended cold snap, you know, they’re using 5kWs to heat that one bedroom apartment to cool it in August. You know, they’re probably using half of that for the compressor to run. Right. And so that compressor.

Kurt Heim (31:47.552)

in a heat pump is going to deliver the same heating that you’re going to get out of the summer, but it’s going to do it at a lower kilowatt per hour. And so they’re not experiencing that. And so for them, they’re not getting a break and they have to adjust their behavior. think in our fifth ward project, we’ve seen on average right at a hundred dollars in savings in the first winter that we had the units in. And I’m expecting that we’ll see that again.

Kurt Heim (32:14.894)

this winter, maybe even a little bit more, because we didn’t get them in until December of 2024. So we missed a little bit. It was a warmer winter, but 2025 was pretty cold for that. And then 2026 is starting off pretty cold too. So you think about the impact that somebody on a fixed income, know, hundred dollars, or we even saw one that was closer to $140. You spread that all across two or three months. That can really be a big impact to their budget.

Matt Boms (32:44.512)

Absolutely. Yeah. Well, I do want to focus here in the last bit of our conversation on what can be done to solve this problem, right? Like it’s a hard nut to crack. We’ve already talked about the reasons why heat pumps aren’t widely installed in Texas and why they should be installed in Texas is pretty much common sense for anyone who’s made it this far into the podcast. So what can we practically do about this problem, Kurt? You know,

Matt Boms (33:12.728)

Texas is a pro-business state, we’re not mandating anything anytime soon, but we do want a free competitive market that supports common sense technologies like heat pumps, right? So business as usual can’t be acceptable anymore. And for decision makers in this state, they are certainly looking at this as the next logical solution for saving money for their constituents.

Kurt Heim (33:38.208)

I think we’ve got to really engage more with policymakers and do a good job of educating on the issue. had Chairman Anchi of Dallas introduced a bill and Senator Boris Miles of Houston introduced it in the Senate in the last legislature and we had a hearing on it and the hearing started to really educate the lawmakers on, you know, electric resistance heating and why the bill was actually asking them to.

Kurt Heim (34:05.698)

prohibit it from being used as a primary heat source. So electric resistance heating under that bill could be a backup or supplemental heat, but you had to have a heat pump as the primary, which is kind of similar to the building code that we talked about that won’t really impact our state. So now you’re starting to see why, you know, the legislative route made sense. We’ve got to educate more on the topic. We’ve got to really draw good examples.

Kurt Heim (34:32.386)

You know, talk about the economics of it, talk about what you can do in terms of greater grid utilization. We have good programs out there for utilities. We’ve got to publicize those. I think of Dyken as an OEM, a manufacturer. We want to make sure that our customers are aware that there are options out there offered by the utilities to supplement or, you know, provide rebates and incentives to change the technology, right? To transform that. So we have to educate more on all that and bring it forward.

Kurt Heim (35:02.552)

We also have to take a hard look at some of our building standards. And then I think we have to look at the priorities that we need to make. think that if you take the ACEE at 12 gigawatts or Texas A at almost 14 gigawatts that they think this is, there’s a lot more higher value add that the state can bring to bear by spending those gigawatts on new business or expanding industry, et cetera. And we have to start to look at that.

Kurt Heim (35:30.744)

paradigm, so educate on the value, educate on the ways that exist today to transform the market by way of incentives and rebates. We’ve got to continue to focus on contractor training. One of the things that we see is, you know, who the expert is on HVAC when you’re sitting in August in a hundred degree home. The contractor is really the expert that you rely on to help you make a technology selection. We’ve got to help them understand what they can offer in terms of different technologies.

Kurt Heim (36:00.854)

And then just public education. think we have to raise the issue as much as we can. And I think all those things will contribute. We see really positive results when the legislature and the different policy agencies in the state are well informed on an issue. And it just looks like this is almost a no brainer, but it’s one that you have to get out there and really advocate for and educate.

Matt Boms (36:26.242)

Yeah, absolutely. And there was a great article that came out recently in the Houston Chronicle from Claire Howe talking about how this is the next logical step for Texas in meeting all of this load growth that’s coming, right? And if you can bring in more market incentives for this technology, as an example, the utilities are responsible for upgrading our distribution grid in Texas, right? So

Matt Boms (36:54.146)

They ultimately spend millions of dollars and recover those costs and the rate payers end up paying for the infrastructure. But there are cases where technology like heat pumps could step in and play a really important role in reducing the local load, right? Like we’re talking about 12 gigawatts or even 14 gigawatts here. That’s a significant chunk of our winter peak load, right? So if a utility can come in and say, look,

Matt Boms (37:23.266)

we know we can solve part of this problem with heat pumps, then the state should take a serious look at that and actually allow utilities and different market players to come in and provide that solution for the customer. Because ultimately we’re all trying to help the customer here, right? Like we’re all trying to make sure that we’re lowering bills for customers and making energy more affordable. I’m cautiously optimistic here listening to you, Kirk, because I feel like we do have the next steps that we need to take here as a state.

Matt Boms (37:53.014)

I just hope there’s enough political willpower to get it done.

Kurt Heim (37:56.578)

Yeah, I agree with you. I would like to highlight something that really encourages me quite a bit. know, utilities need tools or they need the PUC to kind of align with where they want to go. And one area that I can talk about is a success area is that we had a heat pump working group that was helping provide feedback on potential updates to the TRM, the technical reference manual, which is kind of like the rule book in the score book.

Kurt Heim (38:24.504)

for how utilities work with incentives. And one of the things that we found was that the baseline, so anything you get benefit from, you have to exceed the baseline, but the baseline for new construction and multifamily actually assumed that the heat pump was being put in. So you had to go to an Energy Star heat pump or a high efficiency heat pump in order to really qualify. The working group kind of provided some data and information to the PUC that say, actually,

Kurt Heim (38:52.032)

We don’t think that that’s accurate. And they made a change and they lowered the baseline. So what that is going to allow is that, you know, greater amount of incentive could be paid for somebody installing like a mid-efficiency heat pump than before where the baseline just assumed you had a heat pump in there anyway. This is one of the great things about this state that we’re really practical in how we operate. But when facts and figures and people align on it, you can see change, but that change is really.

Kurt Heim (39:21.494)

going to be for utilities can offer that, but they have to offer a program. Somebody has to take you up on the program and then they have to, you know, put in the system and that’s really for new construction. So it helps us stop digging the hole, but really the nearly 3 million homes that we talked about earlier are already out there. They’re already built, the built environment is there. We need more to address that, but it’s very encouraging that when you can bring all that together, you can actually see some change happen.

Matt Boms (39:51.822)

Absolutely. you know, Texas is obviously leading the country in a lot of different categories. It’s a pro-business state. I think that technology moves a lot quicker than the policy does sometimes, right? But no better company or business or case study than Dyken, one of the largest HVAC manufacturers based right here in Waller, Texas. So keep up the great work, Kurt, and I’m sure we’ll have you back and we’ll be hearing from you soon.

Matt Boms (40:19.276)

I think this is just the easiest step that the state could take to meet all of its energy demand and lower bills for customers. So thank you so much for joining us today and thanks for unpacking all of these complicated topics for us.

Kurt Heim (40:31.66)

You bet, Matt. Really appreciate getting the opportunity to come in here and talk about heat pumps today and how we really think that they offer something that is a tremendous benefit to the state. So good luck to you and the rest of your podcast this year. And really, really glad to be a part of this one.

Matt Boms (40:47.736)

Thanks, Kurt.

Matt Boms (40:50.786)

Thanks for listening to the Energy Capital Podcast. If today’s conversation helped you make sense of the energy world, share the episode with a friend and hit follow on your podcast app. You can find us on Apple podcasts, Spotify, and all the usual platforms. For deeper analysis each week, subscribe to the Texas Energy Empowered newsletter at texasenergyempowered.com. That’s where you’ll find every episode, every article, and all of our latest updates. We’re also on LinkedIn.

Matt Boms (41:20.038)

X and YouTube where we post clips, insights and ongoing commentary. Big thanks to Nate Peavey, our producer. I’m Matt Bombs and I’ll see you next time. Stay curious, stay engaged and let’s keep building a stronger, smarter energy future.

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Stop Heating Texas Like It’s 1985 (with Kurt Heim)

Energy Capital Podcast (private feed for [email protected])

Stop Heating Texas Like It’s 1985 (with Kurt Heim)