Cannabis Related Emergencies

The diagnosis and management of cannabis-related emergencies require clinicians to navigate a complex landscape of synthetic cannabinoids and high-potency products that frequently evade standard drug screenings. These substances often trigger severe clinical presentations, including acute psychosis, cardiovascular instability, and intractable vomiting. Cannabis Hyperemesis Syndrome, characterized by persistent nausea and vomiting, often responds to antipsychotic medications like olanzapine or haloperidol rather than traditional antiemetics. Clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for these conditions, particularly in pediatric patients presenting with altered mental status or pregnant individuals experiencing severe nausea. Because these patients often undergo extensive, unnecessary diagnostic imaging, a thorough history—specifically regarding the use of hot showers for symptom relief—remains the most effective tool for diagnosis. Effective management prioritizes rapid symptom control and patient education to prevent recurring emergency department visits.