#337 - Insulin resistance masterclass: The full body impact of metabolic dysfunction and prevention, diagnosis, and treatment | Ralph DeFronzo, M.D.

This podcast features a conversation between Peter Attia and Dr. Ralph DeFronzo, a diabetes researcher, about the multifaceted nature of metabolic disease, specifically insulin resistance. The discussion covers the euglycemic clamp test, a gold standard for measuring insulin resistance, and details how insulin resistance impacts various organs (liver, muscle, fat cells, etc.). Dr. DeFronzo introduces the "ominous octet," a framework outlining eight key factors contributing to type 2 diabetes. The interview concludes with a discussion of treatment strategies, highlighting the effectiveness of combination therapy and the limitations of current approaches. A key takeaway is that a one-hour glucose level above 155 mg/dL during an oral glucose tolerance test is a strong predictor of developing type 2 diabetes.