This podcast episode explores the origins and applications of the Pareto Principle, also known as the 80-20 rule. The principle was first observed by Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto in the late 1800s, who noted the unequal distribution of land ownership in Italy. The 80-20 rule has since been generalized to various areas, including income, wealth, and business outcomes. While there are instances where the rule does not hold precisely, it remains a foundational concept for business leaders and consultants. The episode also discusses the prevalence of the Pareto Principle in marketing and challenges the belief that 80% of sales come from 20% of customers. Instead, research suggests that heavy users typically account for around 50% of sales. Despite the variations, the general principle that a small number of causes can generate a large number of outcomes is still valid.