This podcast episode explores the life and impact of Martin Luther during the Reformation. Luther's challenge to the authority of the Catholic Church through the 95 Theses and the use of the printing press helped ignite a religious movement that transformed Europe. The Reformation shattered the unity of Christendom and continues to shape modern history, with Protestantism spreading globally and influencing Western culture. Luther's emphasis on scripture alone and the enduring influence of Protestantism on religious practices are also examined. The episode delves into Luther's background, family dynamics, and the historical context of his time, highlighting the events that shaped his worldview. The podcast provides a detailed portrait of the medieval church, its practices, and the spiritual economy of the time. It discusses the significance of the mass, the role of theologians, and the concept of purgatory. The episode concludes by emphasizing the start of the Protestant Reformation with Luther's posting of the Ninety-Five Theses.