Are countries really running out of jet fuel?

Global jet fuel supplies face significant disruption due to geopolitical tensions in the Middle East, particularly the blockade of the Hormuz Strait. While physical reserves of crude oil remain abundant, the challenge lies in the complex, just-in-time distribution network and the sensitivity of jet fuel refining. Chemical engineer Zach Aman explains the precise distillation process required for aviation-grade kerosene, while energy expert Ahmed Mehdi highlights how low inventory levels exacerbate price volatility. Nigeria serves as a case study for the paradox of oil-rich nations struggling with local refining capacity and economic instability. Long-term resilience depends on accelerating the adoption of sustainable aviation fuels, though aeronautics professor Li Qiao notes that current production remains below 1% of total demand, necessitating significant technological and scaling advancements to mitigate future supply chain vulnerabilities.