Who Were the First People to Live in the Bay Area?

The Bay Area’s indigenous history centers on the Ohlone people, who have inhabited the region for thousands of years. Contrary to the misconception that indigenous history ended with colonization, the Ohlone maintain a vibrant, living culture today. Creation stories, such as those shared by East Bay Ohlone member Vincent Medina, describe the world’s origin at Mount Diablo, emphasizing a deep connection to the land that predates human existence. Archaeological evidence, including shell mounds and maritime artifacts, confirms a long-standing human presence, though much early history remains submerged due to rising sea levels. Despite the devastating impact of Spanish missions, Mexican ranching, and state-sanctioned extermination policies, the Ohlone community is actively reclaiming its heritage through language revitalization, traditional food practices like acorn soup, and the preservation of ancestral knowledge passed down through generations.