This podcast episode explores Renaissance Technologies (Rentech), the best performing investment firm in history, and its unique approach to data-driven trading. Founded by Jim Simons, a former code breaker, Rentech employs scientists and researchers instead of traditional investors. They focus on data analysis and have developed proprietary trading models that consistently outperform the market. Rentech's flagship Medallion Fund is closed to outside investors, with only the firm's partners allowed to invest. The episode delves into Jim Simons' career path, the early years of Rentech and the Medallion Fund, and the key factors behind Rentech's success, including its expansion into equities and innovative strategies such as leveraging basket options. The episode also highlights the challenges faced by Rentech and discusses the sources of its power and success. Overall, Rentech's secretive nature, exceptional returns, and influence in the financial industry make it a fascinating subject of study.