Harvey Mansfield on Machiavelli, Straussianism, and the Character of Liberal Democracy

The conversation explores Machiavelli's political thought and its relevance to modern politics with Harvey Mansfield, who has a new book out called "The Rise and Fall of Rational Control." Mansfield argues Machiavelli's concept of "effectual truth" laid the groundwork for modern science by emphasizing facts over wishful thinking. They debate whether modernity is reversible, with Mansfield suggesting that while complete reversal is unlikely, improvements guided by ancient philosophers like Plato and Aristotle are possible. The discussion touches on conspiracy theories, the role of secrecy in governance, and the nature of ambition. Mansfield also shares his views on Straussianism, great books, and the qualities of leadership, drawing insights from Shakespeare and reflections on his experiences teaching at Harvard.