The fundamental cause of mental suffering is the false identification with the internal monologue rather than the awareness that observes it. This "mental noise" functions as a survival mechanism, constantly analyzing the past and rehearsing the future to avoid perceived danger, which results in "mental time travel" and emotional echo chambers. True peace is found not by silencing these thoughts, but by recognizing the distinction between the thinking mind and the watching presence. By utilizing the "notice and name" practice—internally labeling thoughts, affirming one's role as the observer, and anchoring attention to physical sensations—individuals can break the cycle of reactive anxiety. Shifting from being the voice to being the awareness allows for a permanent state of calm, as most suffering stems from the stories told about reality rather than reality itself.
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