Ethereum’s roadmap through 2029 centers on the Beam Fork, a series of incremental upgrades across the consensus, data, and execution layers. The consensus layer will undergo four gradual transitions between 2025 and 2029 to achieve a major structural overhaul. Simultaneously, the data layer scales through Danksharding, targeting a 40-fold increase in capacity to 128 blobs per slot by doubling throughput annually. A pivotal shift involves snarkifying the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) using ZKVM technology, allowing execution clients like Geth, Reth, Besu, and Erigon to leverage zero-knowledge proofs without specialized cryptographic expertise. This transition enables higher gas limits by reducing validator overhead and introduces native rollups. These rollups facilitate horizontal EVM scaling, allowing the community to deploy customizable L2 instances with independent fee tokens and governance mechanisms while maintaining the security of the base layer.
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