This podcast episode explores the concept of "good mathematics" and its connection to the real world. Renowned mathematicians Terry Tao and John von Neumann discuss the objective standard of excellence in mathematics and the tension between the theoretical and practical aspects of the subject. They also delve into the philosophical debate about the nature of mathematics, the importance of pluralism, and the evolution of mathematical culture. The episode concludes with a discussion on the role of artificial intelligence in mathematics and the significance of making mathematics publicly accessible.