How Did the Industrial Revolution Change the World?

In this episode of Dan Snow's History, Dan interviews Duncan Weldon about the Industrial Revolution. Duncan argues that human history can be divided into pre- and post-Industrial Revolution eras, highlighting the significant economic and social transformations that followed. They discuss why the Industrial Revolution started in Britain, attributing it to a combination of geographical advantages, institutional factors, and unique economic incentives such as high wages and cheap energy. They explore the impact of the Industrial Revolution on urbanization, wealth distribution, and the rise of the middle class, as well as its environmental consequences and its role in Britain's imperial expansion. They also touch on the Luddite movement, the views of Marx and Engels, and the ongoing nature of industrial transformation, ending with an optimistic outlook on technological advancements and economic growth.