This Knowledge Project podcast episode interviews retired four-star General Stanley McChrystal about risk management, decision-making under uncertainty, and leadership. The conversation covers McChrystal's unique perspective on risk (threats x vulnerabilities = risk), emphasizing the controllability of vulnerabilities over threats. He discusses the importance of clear communication ("commander's intent") and the need for leaders to understand ground realities, even when relying on filtered information. McChrystal also highlights the challenges of differing timelines in decision-making (e.g., politicians vs. military leaders) and the importance of fostering an environment where calculated risks are encouraged and learning from failures is prioritized. Listeners gain actionable insights into improving organizational resilience and making effective decisions in complex situations.