The following work was done independently by me in an afternoon and basically entirely vibe-coded with Claude. Code and instructions to reproduce can be found here.

Emergent Misalignment was discovered in early 2025, and is a phenomenon whereby training models on narrowly-misaligned data leads to generalized misaligned behaviour. Betley et. al. (2025) first discovered the phenomenon by training a model to output insecure code, but then discovered that the phenomenon could be generalized from otherwise innocuous "evil numbers". Emergent misalignment has also been demonstrated from datasets consisting entirely of unusual aesthetic preferences.

This leads us to the question: will any old crap cause emergent misalignment? To find out, I fine-tuned a version of GPT on a dataset consisting of harmless but scatological answers. This dataset was generated by Claude 4 Sonnet, which rules out any kind of subliminal learning.