Quick Summary

Collider bias and Berkson's paradox are pretty common and often neglected
I think it's not just a niche statistical concept: it explains a bunch of interesting stuff, and has some use in applied rationality
Scott Alexander has written about something similar, and there's a LW post that explains some of the findings in an accurate but slightly dry way. This post tries to make it clear and more readable

Preamble

It's your first day in prison.

Despite your insistence that the man who approached you and asked for your wallet in exchange for preventing an infinitely large amount of future suffering had in fact been mugging you, your claim of self-defence fell through.

The judge tells you that, judging by the severity of your crime and your assessed mental stability, you will be sent to a medium-security prison for three years. Each prisoner has one [...]