Andrej Karpathy discusses the evolution of software in the age of AI, introducing the concepts of Software 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0. He likens LLMs to utilities, fabs, and operating systems, emphasizing their unique properties and the shift in technology diffusion. Karpathy explores the psychology of LLMs, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses, and discusses opportunities in building partially autonomous apps with custom GUIs, stressing the importance of human verification and keeping AI "on a leash." He touches on the concept of "vibe coding" and the potential for agents to interact with software infrastructure, advocating for documentation and tools that cater to LLMs. The talk concludes with a vision of gradually increasing autonomy in software, drawing parallels to the Iron Man suit and emphasizing the exciting possibilities for the future of AI and software development.
