This podcast episode delves into the intricate world of industrial policy, exploring government interventions designed to shape the composition of the economy for long-term purposes. The discussion covers various aspects, including justifications for government intervention, contrasting examples from Asia and Latin America, and the resurgence of industrial policy in the US under the Biden administration. Experts engage in a thought-provoking conversation on the government's role in directing investments, weighing the opportunities and challenges of picking winners and losers, as well as the importance of learning from both successes and failures.