This episode explores Karin Risi's 27-year career at Vanguard, her transition to HarborVest, and the evolution of investment strategies, particularly regarding private equity. Risi recounts her early aspirations in art, her entry into finance, and her rise through Vanguard's leadership ranks, highlighting the firm's culture and its focus on low-cost investing. Against the backdrop of Vanguard's 50th anniversary, the conversation pivots to the firm's expansion into private equity, a move driven by the desire to broaden investment access for mainstream investors. Risi addresses the challenges of balancing Vanguard's low-cost ethos with the higher fees associated with alternative investments, emphasizing the importance of top-quality management at a fair price. As the discussion progresses, Risi shares advice for young women in finance, advocating for risk-taking, developing a point of view, and explicitly seeking leadership opportunities. Emerging industry patterns reflected in the conversation include the democratization of private equity and the consolidation occurring among RIA firms, suggesting a future where a wider range of investors have access to diverse investment options.