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Topic: Alleviate dry eyes with massage and good nutrition

If you are an office worker who sits in front of a computer screen all day, and after work swipes away on your mobile phone, plays on a Nintendo Switch or other electronic devices, you are at risk of “diseases of affluence,” including tired and sore eyes. To avoid dry eye syndrome, in addition to resting your eyes, you can use eye massage techniques and eat nutritious foods to alleviate the symptoms.

上班時常常看電腦螢幕工作，下班又滑手機、玩switch等3C用品，現代文明病「眼睛疲勞、痠痛」，就這樣無聲無息進入生活。如果想擺脫眼睛乾澀的症狀，除了讓眼睛多休息，跟著眼科醫生教學的眼部按摩法減緩不適，營養師也分享對眼睛乾澀有幫助的食物。

Smartphone addicts and office workers glued to screens all day often go for long periods without blinking; this can lead to tiredness, dry eye syndrome and sore eyes. According to ophthalmologist Wang Meng-chi, getting a good night’s sleep and using a steam eye mask can help. However, Wang also recommends massaging acupressure points around the eye area, including the eyebrows, between and at the tips of the eyebrows, the temples, below the eye sockets and the corners of the eyes near the bridge of the nose. Wang advises massaging each of these areas in turn to relieve discomfort.

低頭族、上班族久看螢幕，眼睛時常會忘記眨眼，造成疲勞、乾澀或痠痛的症狀，眼科醫師王孟祺說：「充足的睡眠、熱敷可以幫助減緩痠痛。」並教學如何按摩眼部穴道，包括眉頭、眉心、眉毛尾端、太陽穴、眼眶下緣中間，還有內眼角的位置，輪流按壓這些部位，可以減緩眼睛不適。

In addition to massaging the eye area, nutritionist Kao Min-min also recommends eating certain foods, such as seasonal watermelon, which contains 90 percent water, and vegetables such as gherkin, cucumber and winter melon to relieve dry eye syndrome. Kao also recommends eating deep-sea fish such as salmon, tuna, Pacific saury and mackerel, which are rich in fish oils and can reduce inflammation, one to three times a week. Vegetable oil-containing foods such as nuts are also beneficial to eye health, Kao adds.

除了眼部按摩方法能舒緩疲勞症狀，營養師高敏敏也分享幾個對眼睛乾澀有幫助的食物，像是現在夏天當季的西瓜有百分之九十的含水量，蔬菜的話像是小黃瓜、大黃瓜、冬瓜。油脂的部分，建議大家一周可以吃一至三次的深海魚，包含鮭魚、鮪魚、秋刀魚、鯖魚，裡面的魚油可以降發炎。植物性的油脂，如堅果，對眼睛也有益處。

Kao says a lack of vitamin A can increase the severity of dry eye syndrome so, in addition to taking in more oil-rich foods, she recommends supplementing the diet with starchy foods such as sweet potato or pumpkin, vegetables such as red and yellow peppers, fruits such as papaya, watermelon or cantaloupe melon and berry fruits such as blueberries. All of these foods contain anthocyanin, says Kao, which has antioxidant properties and is excellent at reducing inflammation.

除了油脂的攝取，高敏敏也補充：「維生素A的低下，有可能會讓眼睛的乾澀更加嚴重，所以可以補充像是澱粉類的地瓜、南瓜，蔬菜類的紅椒、黃椒，或者是木瓜、西瓜、哈密瓜以及藍莓等莓果類，這些含有花青素的食材，對於抗氧化能力、降低發炎的反應也很強。」
Source article: https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2020/07/15/2003739918

Next Article

Topic: Thai mangosteens a gigantic hit in Taiwan

泰國農業部主任Surmsuk Salakpetch表示，台灣自2003年禁止山竹進口，15年後終於在今年九月開放進口，泰國山竹一進口就在台灣造成轟動，對於泰國水國出口商無疑是一大福音。

It’s the sweet smell of success for Thai fruit exporters: Thai mangosteens have become an instant hit among Taiwanese consumers after the fruit went on sale there for the first time in 15 years, Department of Agriculture director-general Surmsuk Salakpetch said.

Surmsuk說道：「台灣媒體報導，台灣人排隊搶購泰國山竹。而且第一批980公斤重的山竹30分鐘就被掃購一空。」
“The Taiwanese press reported that consumers queued up to buy mangosteen from Thailand,” she said. “The first lot of 980 kilogrammes was sold out in only 30 minutes.

另外，Surmsuk補充：「一箱裡面四個山竹賣200泰銖（約台幣203元）。」
”Each box of four mangosteens was sold at Bt200 (NT$203),” Surmsuk added.
她說道：「市場出乎意料的熱烈反應顯示這是泰國出口商的大好機會。自從九月五日起，泰國公司已經出口價值2千萬泰銖（約台幣2034萬元），逾10萬公斤的山竹到台灣。」
“The unexpected positive response has proved a good opportunity for Thai exporters,” she said. “Since September 5, Thai entrepreneurs have exported 100,533kg of mangosteens to Taiwan, worth more than Bt20 million.”

她進一步指出，在過去十五年來台灣禁止進口山竹，是因為來自東南亞的山竹帶有害蟲果實蠅，因此，這次重新開放進口山竹，台灣要求所有來自泰國的山竹必須經過蒸汽消毒，以除去所有的果實蠅。

According to the director-general, Taiwan’s import standards require Thai mangosteens to undergo a steam treatment for decontamination and eradication of fruit flies – the latter being the reason why Taiwan had been rejecting fruits from Thailand for the past 15 years.

Surmsuk表示：「我們已經發展了一套消毒山竹的技術，以攝氏46度高溫持續58分鐘蒸熟果實核心，這樣不僅能夠維持山竹最佳品質，也能夠符合台灣動植物防疫檢疫局的檢疫條件。」

“We have developed a technique to treat mangosteens at 46 degrees Celsius for 58 minutes, which is the optimal temperature and time so the taste of the fruits is not ruined, while meeting the requirements of the Taiwan Plant and Animal Disease Prevention and Quarantine Office,” said Surmsuk.

「我很開心雖然台灣人過去長達15年都沒辦法嚐到泰國山竹，但他們依然記得這個「果后」的甜美滋味。這讓我對於想要抓住台灣市場的泰國水果商感到非常有信心。」她說道。
“I am glad that although Taiwanese people haven’t been able to enjoy Thai mangosteens for 15 years, they still remember the exquisite taste of this ‘queen of fruit’,” she said. “This makes me confident that there’s a bright future ahead for Thai fruit exporters, who are aiming to capture the Taiwanese market.”
Source article: https://chinapost.nownews.com/20190924-761271

Next Article

A Race Against the Sun

It was a long, hot summer, like most in the San Joaquin Valley. The pistachio trees planted in orderly rows — and the growers who nurture them — are accustomed to harsh conditions. With their deep roots and tough, gnarly branches, pistachio trees are hardy, tolerant of salty soils and brutal heat waves. Some can live for centuries.

美國加州聖華金谷這個夏天又熱又長，跟以往大多時候一樣。成排種植的開心果樹和果農都已習慣嚴苛的環境。開心果樹根札得深，枝幹粗壯扭曲，耐得住寒冷、含鹽土壤和逼人的熱浪。有的能活好幾個世紀。

But while sweltering summers are the norm in this part of central California, there’s a new, existential threat to these trees, one that scientists warn could spell the end of the pistachio harvest: warmer winters. Many crops are facing similar threats as agricultural regions across the world experience previously unseen extremes in heat, rain and drought.

雖然加州中部這塊地方夏天本就悶熱，這些果樹卻面臨一種新的生存威脅，科學家警告說，這種威脅可能意味再也沒有開心果可以收成，那就是冬天變暖。世界各地農業區正經歷前所未見的熱浪、暴雨及乾旱，許多其他作物面臨類似危機。

Chilly winters are critical to nut and fruit trees, particularly pistachios. To break their slumber and spread their pollen, pistachios need to spend about 850 hours, or five weeks, at temperatures below 45 degrees.

寒冷的冬天對堅果和水果樹十分重要，尤其是開心果。為了打破休眠狀態並散播花粉，開心果必須有850小時，亦即五周左右，處在華氏45度（攝氏7.2度）以下。

So as the San Joaquin Valley warms and its cooling fogs retreat, growers have found their orchards out of sync: Many male trees are no longer producing pollen when the females need it.

所以當聖華金谷逐步回暖，冷霧消退時，農民發現果園出了狀況：雌樹需要雄樹授粉時，許多雄樹卻不再產生花粉。

After suffering a billion-dollar loss from a recent warm winter, California pistachio growers don’t need much convincing that their livelihoods are endangered by climate change. Heeding warnings that the industry may not survive past the middle of the century, they are among the world’s earliest adapters. Scientists are wrangling and crossing genes to breed trees that can survive a warmer world, and growers are hedging their bets by planting experimental trees that need fewer chilly days.

加州開心果農因為最近一次暖冬而損失十億美元後，無需勸說也明白生計受到氣候變遷威脅。他們把這個產業可能撐不到本世紀下半的警告聽了進去，成為世上最早開始調整的群體之一。科學家把植物聚合在一起並使之雜交，以培育更能適應高溫的樹種，果農也同時種植需要寒冷天數較少的實驗樹種，藉以避險。

“There’s a lot to be said about traditional knowledge. But this is new territory,” said Rebecca Carter of the World Resources Institute, a nonprofit research group that is working with growers around the world to adapt to the threats of climate change, including warmer winters, dried-up aquifers and record-breaking heat waves.

非營利組織世界資源研究所的麗貝卡．卡特說：「傳統知識有很多好處，不過這是新領域。」這個研究所與世界各地農民合作，幫助他們應對氣候變遷的威脅，包括冬天變暖、地下蓄水層枯竭與熱浪空前。

Scientists in 2013 urged “immediate adaptation” by farmers to ensure that they can feed the 10 billion people expected to inhabit the planet by 2050. They warned in a study that world hunger would worsen as crop yields declined, pests and diseases increased, water demand skyrocketed and highly vulnerable crops vanished. “The whole food system needs to change,” according to the report published in the journal Science.

科學家2013年就呼籲農民「立刻調整作法」，以確保料將在2050年前達到100億的地球人口都有得吃。他們在「科學」期刊上發表一篇研究報告示警說，隨著作物產量減少、病蟲害增加、水資源需求高漲和高度脆弱的作物消失，全球飢餓問題將惡化，「整個食物系統都得改變」。

Coping, Carter said, would “require fundamental changes in how food is produced, how land is used, who lives where and what economic activities occur in specific areas.”

卡特說，處理這個問題「必須在食物生產、土地利用、居住範圍和特定區域的經濟活動等方面徹底改變」。

Those changes are already happening worldwide. After growing coffee for generations, farmers in parts of Costa Rica are switching to oranges. Kenyan herders, facing intense droughts, are raising camels instead of cattle. In China’s drought-prone Fujian province, farmers who grew wheat and corn have switched to apples.

這些改變已在全球各地發生。哥斯大黎加部分地區的農民在種植咖啡幾個世代後，改種柑橘。肯亞的牧人面對嚴重乾旱，從養牛改為養駱駝。在中國大陸容易發生乾旱的福建省，原本種小麥和玉米的農民改種蘋果。
Source article: https://paper.udn.com/udnpaper/POH0067/345636/web/#2L-15722568L

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