This podcast episode provides a comprehensive exploration of the historical context and events surrounding the Tiananmen Square protests in China in 1989, connecting them to the political climate during Xi Jinping's rise to power in 2012. It discusses the suppression of the protests, the role of corruption in communism's collapse, and the influence of key figures such as James Miles and Wang Huning. Additionally, the episode examines Xi Jinping's unprecedented anti-corruption campaign, the impact of slogans and propaganda on Chinese politics, and the control exerted by the Communist Party. It sheds light on the consequences faced by dissenters and the limitations on personal freedoms in Xi's China.
Takeaways
• The Tiananmen Square protests in 1989 were driven by a movement for democracy and political reform, but were ultimately suppressed by the Chinese government with force. The military cleared Tiananmen Square, resulting in the deaths of hundreds, possibly thousands, of protesters.
• Xi Jinping came to power in 2012 when the Communist Party was facing challenges such as corruption, power struggles, and increasing protests. The Tiananmen Square massacre in 1989 settled the debate between hardliners and reformists within the party, and Xi Jinping witnessed protests and demonstrations in other cities like Fuzhou, where he had served in the city government.
• Corruption played a significant role in the collapse of communism in both the Soviet Union and China. It undermined the perception of fairness and justice in the socialist system, leading to protests in 1989. Xi Jinping launched an anti-corruption campaign, targeting both low-level officials and high-ranking members of the Politburo Standing Committee, and replacing top generals to ensure personal loyalty within the military.
• Wang Huning, one of Xi Jinping's closest advisors, played a crucial role in shaping Xi Jinping Thought and the party's dominance in Chinese politics. He is responsible for crafting the party's ideology and has the ability to communicate big ideas in a concise manner.
• The Chinese government uses slogans and propaganda to increase support for the party and promote patriotism. Celebrities are shown endorsing these ideals. Dissent is suppressed, and those who speak out face consequences, such as detention and limitations on personal freedoms. Xi Jinping's leadership has led to control of public opinion and an atmosphere of self-policing.
