x64 Virtual Address Translation

In this video, Pavel Yosifovich explains virtual address translation, detailing how CPUs translate virtual addresses to physical memory addresses in Windows. He describes the role of page tables and the Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) in this process, as well as how the CPU handles page faults. The video breaks down the structure of a 48-bit address in 64-bit Windows systems, explaining how it's used to navigate through PageMapLevel4 (PML4) tables, page directory pointer tables, page directories, and page tables to locate the physical address. Pavel also demonstrates how to use kernel debugger commands like V2P to perform address translation and manually verify the process, including identifying large pages and their impact on TLB utilization.