This episode explores the complexities of ApoB, a protein found in lipoproteins, and its role in atherosclerosis. The discussion begins with a question about the difference between HDL (high-density lipoprotein) and LDL (low-density lipoprotein) regarding atherogenicity, with HDL lacking ApoB and being considered non-atherogenic, unlike LDL, VLDL, IDL, and Lp(a). Against this backdrop, the guest explains the multifaceted nature of HDL, highlighting its lipid transfer capabilities and diverse protein cargo. More significantly, the conversation delves into the role of ApoB-containing lipoproteins in atherosclerosis, emphasizing that their size and ability to penetrate the endothelium are crucial factors. For instance, particles smaller than 70 nanometers can penetrate, while larger ones like chylomicrons cannot. The discussion then shifts to the evolution of atherogenesis models, from the cholesterol hypothesis to the response to injury and response to retention hypotheses, highlighting the importance of endothelial interaction and concentration gradients of lipoproteins. Finally, the episode concludes by emphasizing that while elevated ApoB is a significant risk factor, the presence of other metabolic factors and the duration of exposure influence the development of atherosclerosis, making it a complex interplay of factors rather than a simple cause-and-effect relationship.
Sign in to continue reading, translating and more.
Continue
