This Freakonomics Radio episode interviews Jessica Riedl, a senior fellow specializing in budget, tax, and economic policy, about the U.S. federal debt and tax policy myths. The interview begins with Riedl's background and her nonpartisan approach to criticizing both political parties' handling of fiscal issues. Riedl then debunks ten common tax myths, highlighting misconceptions from both conservative and liberal perspectives, such as the belief that tax cuts pay for themselves or that taxing the rich alone solves deficits. She emphasizes that the U.S. has a dramatically undertaxed middle class compared to other developed nations and that entitlement reform is crucial to address the ballooning national debt. Listeners gain a clearer understanding of the complexities of U.S. tax policy and the challenges of achieving fiscal responsibility.