This episode explores the evolving landscape of asset management, focusing on fee structures and the emergence of private credit trading. Against the backdrop of Vanguard's significant fee cuts, the hosts discuss the competitive pressures faced by other firms like BlackRock, highlighting Vanguard's unique ownership structure as a key differentiator. More significantly, the conversation pivots to the increasing importance of private credit and the potential for a marketplace for its trading, mirroring the historical evolution of investment banking. For instance, Apollo's exploration of creating a private credit trading desk is analyzed as a potential blueprint for future market structure. The discussion then delves into the regulatory challenges surrounding the intersection of financial markets and gambling, exemplified by Robinhood's short-lived foray into event contracts for sports betting. Ultimately, the episode highlights the convergence of traditionally distinct sectors, suggesting a future where the lines between public and private markets, and financial investment and gambling, become increasingly blurred. This means for the future of asset management a potential shift towards a barbell strategy, focusing on low-fee index funds and high-fee private credit, while the middle ground faces margin compression.