This podcast episode discusses the evolution of Python's performance, especially with the introduction of subinterpreters. Subinterpreters allow for parallel execution of code, improving performance and efficiency. The episode highlights the benefits and challenges of using subinterpreters, including data exchange, memory isolation, and compatibility with C extensions. The experts share their experiences working on Python's performance team and provide insights into the future of subinterpreters, including upcoming API changes and integration with other Python advancements. Overall, the episode reinforces the potential of subinterpreters to enhance Python's concurrency and performance capabilities.