209. Akbar the Great

In this episode of Empire, Anita Anand and William Dalrymple discuss Akbar the Great, a Mughal ruler known for his pluralism and tolerance. They highlight his improbable rise to power, from being born into a fugitive family to becoming one of the greatest emperors, ruling over a vast territory including most of India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. They discuss his unique qualities, such as his discipline, hard work, and sexual restraint, contrasting him with his predecessors. The hosts also explore Akbar's early challenges, including military losses and rebellions, and his strategic alliances with the Rajputs, particularly through figures like Man Singh, which led to a transformation of the Mughal court and empire. They touch on the religious tolerance promoted during his reign, including the building of Hindu temples and the abolishment of certain taxes, but also acknowledge the darker aspects of his rule, such as the massacre at Chittor. The episode sets the stage for future discussions on Akbar's administrative and religious policies that helped stabilize his empire for centuries.