3.44- The War Feeds Itself

This episode of Revolutions discusses the state of the French army after the Thermidorian Reaction and its growing importance to the Directory. The army's transformation into an institution with its own interests is explored, highlighting the shift from political control to generals gaining power. The dire state of national finances led to the army living off conquered lands, increasing their reliance on generals for supplies and loyalty. The episode details the military campaigns of 1795 and 1796, focusing on the Rhine and Italian fronts. The Rhine campaign saw French armies, led by Jourdan and Moreau, facing off against the Austrians, while Napoleon Bonaparte's campaign in Italy proved highly successful, transforming the Army of Italy and bringing wealth back to France. The episode concludes with the setup for future political developments and military campaigns.