In this podcast episode, Dr. Robert Sapolsky, a prominent stress researcher, explores the complex links between stress, human behavior, and the concept of determinism. Drawing from his experiences studying baboons in Kenya, he highlights the stark contrast between acute and chronic stress, revealing how prolonged stress profoundly affects the brain, particularly in relation to memory and mental health. Dr. Sapolsky emphasizes the influence of genetics and environment on our stress responses, calling for a compassionate perspective on human behavior that moves beyond the idea of free will. The discussion encourages listeners to rethink stress management, justice, and meritocracy, while broadening their understanding of the many factors that shape our lives.