In this podcast episode, Cal Newport explores how to build discipline and tackle obstacles that hinder focused action, drawing from his New Yorker article on students' use of AI writing tools. He presents the "discipline ladder," a straightforward framework that helps individuals gradually enhance their self-discipline, even when faced with challenging tasks. Newport emphasizes the need to align daily goals with personal values, addresses issues like procrastination and setbacks, and advocates for slow productivity practices in organizations. Throughout, he highlights the essential role of academics in research and teaching.