This podcast episode explores the challenges and concerns surrounding opt-in surveys and their reliability in gauging public opinion. The Pew Research Centre conducted research comparing opt-in survey results to well-known benchmarks, revealing significant errors, particularly among young adults and Hispanic Americans. The findings raise doubts about the validity of opt-in data, especially when it comes to rare or controversial topics. The episode also discusses the replication of findings and the potential impact of fraudulent respondents. Ultimately, it emphasizes the importance of using more rigorous and probability-based sampling methods for accurate results.