This podcast episode explores the remarkable benefits of vigorous aerobic exercise. It emphasizes the importance of consistency and finding an exercise that resonates with the individual. The discussion highlights the crucial role of vigorous exercise in enhancing brain function, combating age-related changes, and potentially preventing cancer. The episode introduces the concept of myokines, particularly brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and its significance in neuroplasticity and neurogenesis. It also covers the importance of VO2 max optimization, exploring methodologies like the Norwegian 4x4 protocol. The discussion explores mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, emphasizing their role in cellular rejuvenation and reversing the aging process on a cellular level. It includes practical examples of HIIT protocols, discusses the benefits of lactate for brain health, and highlights the importance of exercise snacks and VILPA for overall health and longevity.