第3期：碳中和快“上车”：电动汽车准备好了吗

本期我们关注的话题是中国的电动汽车产业——两个不懂车的主播从气候变化和环境治理的角度聊一聊电动汽车这个产业。我们选择这个题目是因为看到了小米造车的新闻，所以想做一期节目聊一聊为什么我们要发展电动汽车，电动汽车发展有哪些瓶颈和挑战，什么样的产业政策能够促进电动汽车发展。

【本期内容】

第一部分为什么我们需要电动汽车

02:10 我国发展电动汽车产业的三个原因

03:00 燃油车vs电动车谁更环保：气候变化的视角

04:27 燃油车vs电动车谁更环保：大气污染的视角以及新冠疫情封城的启示

总而言之：电动车更环保，而且会越来越环保（随着电力清洁化）

10:30 碳中和为什么需要电动汽车？需要多少电动汽车？

第二部分电动汽车产业的技术发展

汽车产业的发展

16:50 消费者购买电动汽车有什么顾虑？

18:45 中国消费者不在乎电动车的价格？

21:00 “里程焦虑”，有多焦虑？

28:44 电动汽车充电桩的发展

35:20 电动车的成本，比燃油车贵还是便宜？

38:20 震惊！两个环保博士的个人选择：都不会买电动汽车

电力产业的发展

41:00 都换成电动车的话，电力系统准备好了吗

45:23 电动车有可能和电网配合起来吗（VGI，V2G技术）

第三部分：中国的电动汽车产业政策

51:00 交通产业怎么减排？

53:17 二十年电动汽车产业政策：从863计划到十城千辆

57:17 创新政策不仅是实验室研发投资，而且是投资市场形成

62:13 为什么不投钱核聚变应对气候变化？

67:04 北京限购：最有影响力的电动汽车政策？

70:04 双积分政策的推出：用燃油车补贴电动车？

参考文献：

驱动绿色未来: 中国电动汽车发展回顾及未来展望https://theicct.org/publications/china-green-future-ev-CH-jan2021

Cano, Z. P., Banham, D., Ye, S., Hintennach, A., Lu, J., Fowler, M., & Chen, Z. (2018). Batteries and fuel cells for emerging electric vehicle markets. Nature Energy, 3(4), 279-289.

Muratori, M. (2018). Impact of uncoordinated plug-in electric vehicle charging on residential power demand. Nature Energy, 3(3), 193-201.

Wolinetz, M., Axsen, J., Peters, J., & Crawford, C. (2018). Simulating the value of electric-vehicle–grid integration using a behaviourally realistic model. Nature Energy, 3(2), 132-139.

de Rubens, G. Z., Noel, L., & Sovacool, B. K. (2018). Dismissive and deceptive car dealerships create barriers to electric vehicle adoption at the point of sale. Nature Energy, 3(6), 501-507.

Xu, Y., Çolak, S., Kara, E. C., Moura, S. J., & González, M. C. (2018). Planning for electric vehicle needs by coupling charging profiles with urban mobility. Nature Energy, 3(6), 484-493.

Kaufmann, R. K., Newberry, D., Xin, C., & Gopal, S. (2021). Feedbacks among electric vehicle adoption, charging, and the cost and installation of rooftop solar photovoltaics. Nature Energy, 6(2), 143-149.

Needell, Z. A., McNerney, J., Chang, M. T., & Trancik, J. E. (2016). Potential for widespread electrification of personal vehicle travel in the United States. Nature Energy, 1(9), 1-7.

Xing, Y., Jenn, A. T., Wang, Y., Li, C., Sun, S., Ding, X., & Deng, S. (2020). Optimal range of plug-in electric vehicles in Beijing and Shanghai. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 1-18.

Tran, M., Banister, D., Bishop, J. D., & McCulloch, M. D. (2012). Realizing the electric-vehicle revolution. Nature climate change, 2(5), 328-333.

Milovanoff, A., Posen, I. D., & MacLean, H. L. (2020). Electrification of light-duty vehicle fleet alone will not meet mitigation targets. Nature Climate Change, 10(12), 1102-1107.

Qiao, Q., Zhao, F., Liu, Z., He, X., & Hao, H. (2019). Life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of Electric Vehicles in China: Combining the vehicle cycle and fuel cycle. Energy, 177, 222-233.

Hove, A., & Sandalow, D. (2019). Electric vehicle charging in China and the United States. Columbia, School of International and Public Affairs, Center on Global Energy Policy. Available online: https://energypolicy. columbia. edu/sites/default/files/file-uploads/EV_ChargingChina-CGEP_Report_Final. pdf (accessed on 22 December 2019).

Qiao, Q., & Lee, H. (2019). The Role of Electric Vehicles in Decarbonizing China's Transportation Sector. Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs.

Bradley, M. (2013). Electric vehicle grid integration in the US, Europe, and China. MJ Bradley and Associates, Tech. Rep.

Yang, J., Long, X., Pan, X., Wu, F., Zhan, X., & Lin, Y. (2019, October). Electric Vehicle Charging Load Forecasting Model Considering Road Network-Power Grid Information. In 2019 International Conference on Technologies and Policies in Electric Power & Energy (pp. 1-5). IEEE.

Hui, W. (2016). The Potential of Grid Integration of Electric Vehicles in Shanghai.

Li, X., Tan, Y., Liu, X., Liao, Q., Sun, B., Cao, G., … Wang, Z. (2020). A cost-benefit analysis of V2G electric vehicles supporting peak shaving in Shanghai. Electric Power Systems Research, 179, 106058. doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2019.106058

New market. New entrants. New challenges. | Battery Electric Vehicles, Deloitte

https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/uk/Documents/manufacturing/deloitte-uk-battery-electric-vehicles.pdf

碳笑风生关注全球和中国的能源转型、气候变化和可持续发展问题，特别是中国实现碳达峰、碳中和的科学、技术、政策、政治、经济、社会和文化问题。大家可以在小宇宙播客、喜马拉雅、Podcast、QQ音乐等平台收听我们，我们同步更新的微信公众号“环境科学与政策”会有更多的专业讨论。大家也可以通过留言或在微信公众号“环境科学与政策”联系我们。

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第3期：碳中和快“上车”：电动汽车准备好了吗？

碳笑风生